20/09/2017

Kajiwara Kagesue

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Kajiwara Kagesue 梶原景季
梶原源太景季 Kajiwara Genta Kagesue

(1162 - February 6, 1200)



also known as Kajiwara Kagetoki, was a samurai in service to the Minamoto clan during the Genpei War of Japan's late Heian period.

The Heike monogatari records an anecdote about a friendly competition with Sasaki Takatsuna prior to the second battle of Uji.
Mounted on Yoritomo's black horse, Surusumi, he races Takatsuna across the River Uji.



Kagesue met death in Suruga at the hands of men loyal to Minamoto no Yoriie.

- More in the WIKIPEDIA !



CLICK for more photos !

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- quote -
Kajiwara Kagesue 梶原景季 / 梶原景時 Kagetoki
(1162 - February 6, 1200),
was a samurai in service to the Minamoto clan during the Genpei War of Japan's late Heian period.
The Heike monogatari records an anecdote about a friendly competition with Sasaki Takatsuna prior to the second battle of Uji. Mounted on Yoritomo's black horse, Surusumi, he races Takatsuna across the River Uji.


Kajiwara Kagesue, Sasaki Takatsuna, and Hatakeyama Shigetada racing to cross the Uji River before the second battle of Uji,
by Utagawa Kuniyoshi.

Kagesue met death in Suruga at the hands of men loyal to Minamoto no Yoriie.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


梶原稲荷神社 Kajiwara Inari Shrine
relocated here in 1320.


- source and more photos : gogohiderin.blog.fc2.com -


Kajiwara Kagetoki 梶原景時 (?1140 ( ?1162) - 1200)
In the village of 八王子村 Hachioji there is a pine named Kajiwara sugi 梶原杉 Kajiwara Pine.
It grew from a walking staff of Kagetoki, who had cut it out at Shrine 鎌倉八幡 Kamakura Hachimangu and planted it in the compound of this village.
The remains are venerated to our day:



- quote -
Kajiwara Kagetoki (梶原 景時, c.1162 – February 6, 1200)
was a spy for Minamoto no Yoritomo in the Genpei War, and a warrior against the Taira. He came to be known for his greed and treachery.
"A prominent eastern warrior", he supplied Yoshitsune with a number of ships after the Battle of Yashima.
Originally from Suruga province,
Kajiwara entered the Genpei War fighting under Oba Kagechika, against the Minamoto.



After the Taira victory at Ishibashiyama in 1181, he was sent to pursue the fleeing Minamoto no Yoritomo. Having discovered him, Kajiwara switched sides, leading his forces in another direction, and turning to Yoritomo's cause.
Three years later,
Kajiwara would lead the forces of Minamoto no Yoshitsune and Yoritomo into battle against their cousin Yoshinaka, and against the Taira.
Attached to Yoshitsune's force,
Kajiwara reported back to Yoritomo on Yoshitsune's actions, in order to satisfy Yoritomo's suspicion and distrust of his brother. In one particular episode related in The Tale of the Heike, Kajiwara suggests, during the Battle of Yashima, that Yoshitsune equip the Minamoto ships with "reverse oars" should they need to retreat quickly. Yoshitsune responds with distaste to Kajiwara's advice, humiliating him by saying such an act would be cowardice. From that point until Yoritomo's death, the resentful Kajiwara did as much as he could to raise tensions between the brothers. His slander led Yoritomo, already suspicious of his younger brother, to eventually accuse Yoshitsune of plotting against the bakufu, which then led to his exile and eventual death.
Even after this,
when the shogunate was successfully and firmly established, Kajiwara still caused tensions at court. He accused Yuki Tomomitsu of plotting against the Shogun Minamoto no Yoriie; a number of members of the court tried to get rid of him, who eventually left for Suruga. The following year (1200), he was defeated and killed in battle along with his son Kagesue.
Kajiwara Heima, a senior retainer of the Aizu domain in the 19th century, claimed descent from Kagetoki. His formal name, Kagetake (景武) shares a character with Kagetoki's name.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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source : sakigake-one.sakura.ne.jp

About 24 cm high. Made by 前刀鍵蔵 Sakito Kagizo
【ひらかな盛衰記】Hirakana Seisuiki
. Inuyama tsuchi ningyo 犬山土人形 clay dolls from Inuyama - Aichi .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

Minamoto no Yoritomo 源頼朝 had given Kajiwara a special horse named 磨墨 Surusumi.
It was also called Baseki 馬石 "the Stone Horse".

................................................................................. Gunma 群馬県

waka no toku 和歌の徳 the virtue of Waka poetry
Waka poetry can move heaven and earth and bring the kishin 鬼神 "Demon Deity" alive.

Once Minamoto no Yoritomo was hunting near Mount Asama, when suddenly a strong rain begun to fall.
His retainer Kajiwara composed a kyoka 狂歌 funny waka poem and very soon the sun came back.

昨日こそ浅間はふらめ今日は又みはらし玉へ白雨の神

. kishin, kijin, onigami 鬼神 "Oni Deity", "Demon Deity" .


................................................................................. Shizuoka 静岡県

Yoritomo presented Kagesue with the horse 磨墨 Surusumi.
When Kagesue died 駿河の狐崎 in Suruga at Kitsunezaki, the horse ate 笹葉 Kumasasa leaves and died there too.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- Reference - 梶原景季 -
- Reference - Kajiwara Kagesue -

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14/08/2017

Takeshiuchi no Sukune - Takenouchi

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Takenouchi no Sukune 武内宿禰 / 竹内宿禰 / 建内宿禰
Takeshiuchi no Sukune - Takeshi-Uchi
Takenouchi Skune, Takeuchi Sukune / 善神王(ぜんじょう) Zenjo

(? - ?) he lived for 317 years
Maybe born during the reign of Emperor Keikō 景行天皇 Keiko Tenno (13 BC - 130 BC).
He passed away in the fifty-fifth year of 仁徳天皇 Emperor Nintoku (257 - 933).




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- quote -
Takeshiuchi no Sukune
Also written with the Chinese characters 建内宿禰, and sometimes read Takenouchi no Sukune.
A legendary personality called one of the three meritorious subjects at the time of the Punitive Campaign against the Three Korean Kingdoms, and regarded as the ancestor of twenty-eight clans including Ki, Katsuragi, Heguri, Kose, and Soga.
- A grandson of Imperial Prince Hikofutōshimakoto no Mikoto, his father was Yanushioshiotakeokokoro no Mikoto, and his mother, Princess Kagehime. He served five legendary emperors, including Keikō (legendary reign 71-130), Seimu (131-190), Chūai (192-200), Ōjin (270-310), and Nintoku (313-399).
He was known to be particularly meritorious in serving Empress Jingū (legendary reign 209-269). He led a military campaign to the northeast in the twenty-fifth year of Emperor Keikō, then suppressed the Ezo peoples two years later. During the reign of Emperor Seimu, he became the first Great Minister (Ō-omi). He was significant in supporting Emperor Chūai and Empress Jingū during the Punitive Campaign against the Three Korean Kingdoms.
According to legend, at the end of his service spanning some two hundred and forty-four years, covering five imperial reigns, he passed away in the fifty-fifth year of Emperor Nintoku.
Takeshiuchi is also said to have performed the religious role of a saniwa, a spirit medium receiving divine oracles. The twenty-eight clans descended from him were said to have dispersed throughout the country and prospered.
He is enshrined as a kami in 宇倍神社 Ube Shrine in Iwami District, Tottori Prefecture, as well as at local Hachiman Shrines.
- reference source : Shimazu Norifumi, Kokugakuin 2006 -

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- quote
a legendary Japanese hero-statesman, and is a Shinto kami.
- - - - - Life
Takenouchi no Sukune was supposedly the son of Princess Kagehime, and is said to be grandson to Imperial Prince Hikofutodhimakoto no Mikoto. Also descended from Emperor Kōgen, Takenouchi no Sukune served under five legendary emperors, Emperor Keikō, Emperor Seimu, Emperor Chūai, Emperor Ōjin, and Emperor Nintoku, but was perhaps best known for his service as Grand Minister to the Regent Jingu, with whom he supposedly invaded Korea. While Jingu was regent to her son, Ojin, Takenouchi was accused of treason. He underwent the "ordeal of boiling water" as a way to prove his innocence.
In addition to his martial services to these emperors, he was reputedly also a 沙庭 saniwa, or spirit medium.
- - - - - Legacy
Twenty-eight Japanese clans are said to be descended from Takenouchi no Sukune, including Takeuchi and Soga. He is a legendary figure, and is said to have drunk daily from a sacred well, and this helped him to live to be 280 years old. Further, he is enshrined as a Kami at the Ube shrine, in the Iwami district of the Tottori Prefecture and at local Hachiman shrines. His portrait has also appeared on the Japanese yen, and dolls of him are popular Children’s Day gifts.
- Takenouchi no Sukune
is grandfather of Takenouchi no Matori (竹内真鳥) who created manuscript books of Takenouchi monjo (竹内文書) which depicted ancient Japan before the era of Kojiki and Nihon Shoki. The copies still exist in Kōsō Kōtai Jingū shrine in Ibaraki prefecture.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Takenouchi Monjo 竹内文書 Takenouchi Documents



- quote -
It is our privilege to share the wisdom of Takenouchi Documents on behalf of Wado Kosaka who is one of the prominent researchers of the Takenouchi Documents.
- reference source : takenouchi-documents.com -




竹内文書でわかった太古の地球共通文化は【縄文JAPAN】だった
『竹内文書 世界を一つにする地球最古の聖典

高坂和導 Kosaka Wado (著), 三和導代 (著)

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武内宿禰と仁徳天皇 with emperor Nintoku Tenno (290 - 399)


Takenouchi no Sukune lived 超長寿者 a long long life, he is said to have become 317 years old.
(Nobody takes that serious in our day, though . .. )

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- quote -
Empress Jingu and Takenouchi no Sukune
Another principal musha-ningyô is a character from Japan's remote history: Empress Jingu (170-269). The only female figure regularly associated with Boy's Day, she is paired with her faithful minister/ general Takenouchi no Sukune. The Nohongi (compiled in 720) states that her husband, Chuai Ten'no the 14th emperor of Japan, died just prior to invading Korea. Debate over the invasion had been strong and Jingu had been an ardent supporter.
. Musha ningyoo 武者人形 Samurai Dolls .

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神功皇后と武内宿禰 / 竹内宿弥 Empress Jingu and Takenouchi no Sukune


source : h2.dion.ne.jp/~hushimi/tuti/nakano...
Nakano ningyoo 中野人形(長野県) Nakano Dolls from Nagano prefecture

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source : upp.so-net.ne.jp/kyoudoningyou...
Tsukimoshi ningyoo 附馬牛人形 Dolls from Tsukimosh, Iwate prefecture



. 竹内宿弥 Takenouchi Sukune and 神功皇后 Emperess Jingu .
Tottori Clay Dolls


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source : sakigake-one.sakura.ne.jp/oldtoy...
武内宿禰 Takeshiuchi no Sukune - Takeshi-Uchi
(15,1 cm high)

. Mingei 民芸 Folk Art from Japan . 
Shibahara tsuchi ningyoo 芝原土人形 Shibahara clay dolls - Chiba



about 30 cm high
clay doll from Kagoshima, 帖佐土人形 Chosa clay doll


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提燈祭り Chochin Lantern Festival
埼玉県久喜市 Saitama, Kuki Town



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武内宿禰(山車人形展)Exhibition of Festival Floats
千葉県市川市 Chiba, Ichikawa Town


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"Takenouchi no Sukune Meets the Dragon King of the Sea"
1875-1879 ~ Bronze and Glass Sculpture.
This sculpture was created by skilled metalworking artists who looked back to the legendary founders of Japan to celebrate not only their own skills but also the age and prestige of their nation.
Takenouchi dreamed he was called by heaven to destroy a terrible sea monster that was terrorizing the waters for humans and sea creatures alike. Takenouchi undertook this task with great valor, and the Dragon King, Riujin, emerged from the deep with an attendant to thank him and present him with a jewel that gave control over the seas.
Ryūjin, The Dragon God of the Sea, who lives in the submerged Palace called the Ryūgū-jō castle.
He is usually represented in the shape of a very old man, with long beard, and with a dragon coiled on his head or back. His countenance is fierce; he carries in hand the tide-ruling gems.
(Foundation for the Arts Collection, Dallas Museum of Art.)


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. Koma-jinja 高麗神社 Koma Shrine "Korea Shrine" . - Saitama
The enshrined deities are Koma no Koshiki Jakko, Sarutahiko no Mikoto and Takenouchi no Sukune.


. Kehi Jinguu 気比神宮 Shrine Kehi Jingu .
It enshrines the seven deities:
Isasawake-no-Mikoto, Emperor Chuai, Empress Jingu-Kogo, Emperor Ohjin, Takenouchi-no-Sukune-no-Mikoto, Yamato-Takeru-no-Mikoto, and Tamahime-no-Mikoto.


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- reference source : kotobank.jp/word... -

- Reference - 武内宿禰 -
- Reference - takenouchi no sukune -

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16/06/2017

Sesshu Toyo

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Sesshuu Tooyoo 雪舟等楊 Sesshu Toyo
(1420 - 1506)



. . . CLICK here for Photos !

- quote
Oda Tōyō since 1431, also known as Tōyō, Unkoku, or Bikeisai; 1420 – 26 August 1506) was the most prominent Japanese master of ink and wash painting from the middle Muromachi period. He was born into the samurai Oda family (小田家), then brought up and educated to become a Rinzai Zen Buddhist priest. However, early in life he displayed a talent for visual arts, and eventually became one of the greatest Japanese artists of his time, widely revered throughout Japan and China.

Sesshū studied under Tenshō Shūbun and was influenced by Chinese Song dynasty landscape painting. In 1468–69, he undertook a voyage to Ming China, where too he was quickly recognized as an outstanding painter. Upon returning to Japan, Sesshū built himself a studio and established a large following, painters that are now referred to as the Unkoku-rin school—or "School of Sesshū". Although many paintings survive that bear Sesshū's signature or seal, only a few can be securely attributed to him.
His most well-known work is the so-called "Long Landscape Scroll" (山水長巻, Sansui chōkan).

Sesshū was born in Akahama, a settlement in Bitchū Province, which is now part of western Okayama Prefecture.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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- quote -
SESSHU IN CHINA: UNIQUE EXPERIENCES FOR A MONK-PAINTER
By WATADA, Minoru

Sesshu Toyo (1420- ca. 1502 or 06) traveled to Ming dynasty China in 1467 and after two years on the continent, returned to Japan. As has been discussed frequently in recent years, Sesshu was a member of the Japanese mission party sent as tribute to Ming and therefore his actions were extremely limited. His journey in China was not a trip in which an artist set out to freely explore his own way of painting. Further, while today Sesshu stands as one of Japan's most famous artists, when he went to China he was nothing more than a provincial Zen monk-painter. Indeed, he was so unimportant in the mission that not even his name appears in any public records of the day, in China or Japan. Just because Sesshu went to China, it does not immediately mean that he was then able to paint works that faithfully followed Chinese styles, such as his Landscapes of the Four Seasons (Tokyo National Museum), or was allowed to paint the walls of such public spaces as the building of the Libu (Chinese ministry of ritual, religious and educational affairs), or was directly trained by imperial artists. We must think that each of these accomplishments by Sesshu came about because of unique circumstances.

Up until now the story of Sesshu in China has been largely described as the successful tale of some great artist. However, such an explanation is heavily colored by fictions formulated during the Edo period, and often relies on a complete misunderstanding of several historical documents. In other words, there has arisen a complete mix-up of Edo period analogies about Sesshu and what modern art historians expect to Sesshu. Therefore, first of all, this paper will ask just how much or how little can we actually recognize as historical facts about Sesshu in China, and then, will attempt to re-determine how we should evaluate it.

If we examine historical records with careful consideration of the time frames and distances covered by Sesshu in China, we arrive at some conclusions differing from those of preceding scholars. Sesshu's trip to China was not an event deemed a matter of course for a famous artist. Rather we should consider his journey a time when several unprecedented occurrences happened to a mere monk-painter. It is clear from the extant works and historical materials that an extremely unusual set of circumstances occurred. The following is my conclusion regarding this matter. Considering Sesshu in China, the most important fact is that he was able to study under imperial painters in Beijing. The fact that he painted at the Libu building must also not be lightly dismissed, because it is even possible that the painting created on that occasion corresponds to the Landscapes of the Four Seasons (Tokyo National Museum). While Sesshu's interactions with the Chinese literati and sketching from local scenery may have been accepted practice for artists visiting China, he alone seems to have been able to study under imperial painters and have an opportunity to publicly exhibit the results of that study. Indeed, these unique experiences played a decisive role in Sesshu's achievements, as we know them.
- source : tobunken.go.jp/~bijutsu/eng... -


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泣きねずみ

- quote -
..... As a youth he became a Zen monk at a local temple - Hofuku-ji .....
According to the legend
he was not a particularly good novice monk, preferring to spend his time drawing rather than memorizing sutras, and one day as a punishment for some infraction he was tied to a post in one of the temple buildings and left there.
His tears fell to the floor and with his toe he drew a rat on the floor with his tears. When the abbot returned he was taken aback by what he thought was a real rat at the boy's feet but which turned out to be a drawing.
From then on
Sesshu was allowed to continue with his art studies. In the way of legends, the story has been exaggerated and one version now has the drawing being so lifelike that the drawing came to life and chewed through the ropes to free Sesshu. .....
- source : japanvisitor.com..... -



- quote -
百三代後花園の院の御時、
備中の国赤浜に小田のほとりといふ侍有。子供三人持ち、末の子を丸と申けり。此子二三才の頃より手遊びにも鼠を好みける
父母、鼠を拵へ、愛す。
(母)
「此子は鼠がきつい好きさ」
父ほとり思ふは、丸は末の子也出家にせばや、とて、九才の年井の山宝副寺の弟子となし、等楊法師と申。
しかるに、此等楊手習学問は学ばずして、天性絵を描く事を好み、手習草紙に人形の首を描き、又は唐紙戸障子にいろいろの絵を描く。
師の御坊怒つて折檻し給ふ。
(師)
「余の子共は手習するに、汝一人さもなくして絵ばかり描く事、憎いとち坊主。その上此頃は襖壁などに絵かく事やめおらぬかぬか」
等楊十才の頃、とにかくに描く事をやめぬ故、師の御坊堂の柱に縛りつけ戒む。然れ共哀れみて、日暮に及び縄を解かんとて行給ふに、等楊が膝の下より数十疋の鼠、驚き騒ぎ走り回る。
急に此鼠を追ふ。御坊怪しみて見給ふに、等楊縛られて一日の落つる涙の滴りを足の親指につけて縁板に鼠を描く。その勢ひ恰も生ける鼠のごとし。師の御坊その妙を感じて、これより描く事を戒めづ。
- reference source : detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp -


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. Famous Buddhist Priests - ABC-List .


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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

................................................................................. Yamaguchi 山口市

Sesshu painted 雪舟の絵馬の馬 a horse on a votive tablet at the temple 龍蔵寺 Ryuzo-Ji. The horse became alive at night and went out to feed and devastate the fields.
So he painted a bridle to keep the horse in his place.



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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -

墨絵めく霧の山河や雪舟忌
sumi-e meku kiri no sanga ya Sesshuu ki

the landscape painting
flowing in black ink fog . . .
Sesshu memorial day


檜紀代 Hinoki Kiyo


Sesshu 応永27年(1420年) - 永正3年8月8日(1506年)
His death day is given as the 8th day of the 8th lunar month in 1506.
Other dates are also mentioned.




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- kigo for all winter -

. sori 雪橇(そり)/ 雪舟(そり)sled, sledge .
Here the characters 雪舟 mean "snow boat".


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- Reference - 雪舟 -
- Reference - sesshu toyo -


. Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets .

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Fuma Kotaro ninja

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Fuuma Kootaroo, Fūma Kotarō 風魔小太郎 Fuma Kotaro
(? - 1603)


source : dustin on facebook
drawing from the Hojo Godaiki (written by Joshin Miura, 1565-1644) depicting Fuma Kotaro and his band of rappa (ninja) raiding a Takeda camp.

He was like an ONI demon - 鬼のような異相の持ち主であったという

. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - Index - .

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- quote
... the name adopted by the leader of the ninja Fūma clan (風魔一党 Fūma-ittō) during the Sengoku era of feudal Japan. According to some records, his name was originally Kazama (風間).
The Fūma clan and Fūma Kotarō
The clan was based in Kanagawa Prefecture, specializing in horseback guerrilla warfare and naval espionage. According to some sources, the family has roots in the 10th century when they served Taira no Masakado in his revolt against the Kyoto government. The use of the name started with the first leader (jonin) of the clan: originally surnamed "風間" (Fūma), with a different kanji, it was later changed to homophone 風魔. Each subsequent leader of the school adopted the same name as its founder, making it difficult to identify them individually. This school was in the service of the Hōjō clan of Odawara.

Fūma Kotarō was the fifth and the best known of the Fūma clan leaders.
Born in Sagami Province (modern Kanagawa Prefecture) on an unknown date, he became notorious as the leader of a band of 200 Rappa "battle disrupters", divided into four groups: brigands, pirates, burglars and thieves. Kotarō served under Hōjō Ujimasa and Hōjō Ujinao. His biggest achievement came in 1580, when the Fūma ninja covertly infiltrated and attacked a camp of the Takeda clan forces under Takeda Katsuyori at night, succeeding in causing severe chaos in the camp, which resulted in mass fratricide among the disoriented enemies. In 1590, Toyotomi Hideyoshi laid siege to Odawara Castle, which eventually fell, and the Hōjō clan was forced to surrender.

When the Tokugawa shogunate came to power, the remnants of Fūma-ryū were reduced to a band of brigands operating in and around Edo. A popular but fictional story says that in 1596, Kotarō was responsible for the death of Hattori Hanzō, a famous ninja in the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu, who had tracked him down in the Inland Sea, but Kotarō has succeeded in luring him into a small channel, where a tide trapped the Tokugawa gunboats and his men then set fire to the channel with oil. Kotarō was eventually caught by the shogunate's special law-enforcement force, guided by his rival and a former Takeda ninja Kosaka Jinnai (高坂甚内), and executed through beheading by an order of Ieyasu in 1603.

- - - - - In folklore and popular culture

In a folk legend, he is often an inhuman figure: a supposedly part-oni monstrous giant (over 2 meters tall) with inverted eyes.
In fiction portrayals, Fūma Kotarō is often depicted as Hattori Hanzō's arch-rival. As the name Fūma literally means "wind demon", Fūma Kotarō's depiction is frequently more flamboyant, fantastical, and sometimes even demonic. In contrast, Hanzō is usually rendered with a relatively subdued appearance.
Kotarō is a player character in the video game Onimusha 2: Samurai's Destiny as a young ninja in the service of the Hōjō clan, also returning in the spin-offs Onimusha Tactics and Onimusha Soul. He is also a main character in the World Heroes fighting game series (as "Fuuma"), also featured in Neo Geo Battle Coliseum together with his main rival Hanzo.
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© More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Onimusha 鬼武者 Demon Warrior



- quote -
Onimusha (鬼武者, literally "Oni Warrior") is a series of video games by developer Capcom.
The series makes use of the historic figures that shaped Japan's history, retelling their stories with supernatural elements. Most of the games are of the action-adventure game genre, a combination of third person combat and puzzle solving, where the protagonist wields the power of the Oni, enabling them to fight the Genma, the main enemy of the series. As of 2012, Onimusha is Capcom's sixth biggest franchise, behind the Resident Evil, Street Fighter, Mega Man, Monster Hunter, and Devil May Cry series.
- - - - - Onimusha: Warlords
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !



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忍者 - 鬼忍

. ninja 忍者 spies - Introduction .
Hattori Hanzo 服部半蔵, the famous Ninja from Iga (1541 - 1596) 
February 22 is the Ninja Day 忍者の日.

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. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - Index - .

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06/01/2017

Kose Kanaoka

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Kosei no Kanaoka 巨勢金岡 / こせ の かなおか Kose Kanaoka
Kose no Kanaoka

( ? 802 — ? 897)



- quote
Kose Kanaoka was a proponent of the artistic styles of the Tang dynasty of China. Though few of his works have survived, he is known to have painted landscapes and portraits. He also founded the Kose School of Art, which is named for him. He made the first tonal gradation, and the first Buddha in crayonage style.

Active during the formative days of the aristocratic culture of the Heian period (794–1185), he was reputed to have moved beyond Chinese-inspired subject matter and techniques and to have forged a new style of painting that was uniquely Japanese. As the scion of an aristocratic family, he held court rank and the office of director of the imperial garden.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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内部の襖(ふすま)や屏風(びょうぶ)には唐絵に変わり日本の風物を題材に、
なだらかな線・美しく上品な彩色
初期の大和絵の画家は巨勢金岡(こせのかなおか)
- reference source : heian-heyan.blog.so-net.ne.jp -


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Kannon Bosatsu 観音

伝説の絵師・画聖【“巨勢金剛(こせのかなおか)
- reference source : navitown.com/fukusenji/qa -

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source and more photos : kobe-u.ac.jp/~imakoma/mainichi

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

Many legends about a horse he painted that went off the painting to bring harm to a village. The horse would also eat the 萩の戸の萩 bush clover growing on gates.
There is also a legend from China about a painter of bulls who went wandering around at night.
『清波雑志』にも中国は江南の徐知諤が描いた牛が昼間出てきて草を食べ、夜には戻ってきたとある。

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Gifu 岐阜県 益田郡 Mashita district 下呂町 Gero

At the 蚕飼薬師堂 Kogai Yakushi Hall (with prayers for making silk) was a painting by Kanaoka (or maybe 狩野法眼 Kano Hogen) of a horse running away at night.
So someone painted a horse bridle to keep the horse in place.


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Kyoto 京都府

At the hall 武徳殿 Butokuden, in the eastern Pine Forest, there was a 鬼 Demon who ate humans.
So on the auspicious 19th day of the 9th lunar month in 892, Kanaoka was ordered to paint it on a sliding door to keep it in place.

At the temple 仁和寺 Ninna-Ji the story of the horse is told. To keep it in place the eyes were stamped out.

At the Imperial palace, a horse painted on sliding doors by Kanaoka was eating the bush clover from the gate. So the painting was changed and the horse got a strong bridle.

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Okayama 岡山

. Kibitsu Jinja 吉備津神社 .
Painting of a horse

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Tottori 鳥取県 倉吉市 Kurayoshi 余戸谷町

At the temple 長谷寺 Hasedera - the painted horse got a bridle painted to keep it in place.

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- reference : nichibun yokai database -

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- Reference - 巨勢金岡 -
- Reference - English -


. Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets .

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06/12/2016

Hanabusa Itcho

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Hanabusa Itchoo, Itchō 英一蝶 Hanabusa Itcho / Iccho
(1652 – 1724)


富士山図 Mount Fujisan seen from river 相模川 Sagamigawa

Hanabusa means "Flower Bouquet"
Itcho means "One Butterfly"

- quote
Hanabusa Itchō (英 一蝶, 1652 – February 7, 1724)
was a Japanese painter, calligrapher, and haiku poet. He originally trained in the Kanō style, under Kanō Yasunobu, but ultimately rejected that style and became a literati (bunjin). He was also known as Hishikawa Waō and by a number of other art-names.

Born in Osaka and the son of the physician Taga Hakuan, he was originally named Taga Shinkō. Hakuan was the official doctor for Lord Ishikawa of the Kameyama Clan in the Ise region.
Itcho studied Kanō painting with Kano Yasunobu, but soon abandoned the school and his master to form his own style, which would come to be known as the Hanabusa school.

In 1693 was arrested and thrown into jail.
He was exiled in 1698, for parodying one of the shogun's concubines in painting, to the island of Miyake-jima; he would not return until 1710. That year, in Edo, the artist would formally take the name Hanabusa Itchō.
In 1709 Shogun Tsunayoshi died, and in honor of the new government, Itcho was granted pardon to come back to Edo.

Most of his paintings depicted typical urban life in Edo, and were approached from the perspective of a literati painter. His style, in-between the Kanō and ukiyo-e, is said to have been "more poetic and less formalistic than the Kanō school, and typical of the "bourgeois" spirit of the Genroku period".
Hanabusa was the master of the later painter Sawaki Suushi.
Hanabusa
was a friend of haiku poet Kikaku and studied poetry under the master Matsuo Bashō, his haikai name was Gyoun.
He was an excellent calligrapher as well.
- source : wikipedia -

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Daruma 達磨


. Who is Daruma ? 達磨 だるまさん .
We have the story of a curtesan who commented about Daruma
"Well, he was sitting in quiet meditation for nine years, but we here have to sit and suffer in the Noisy Pleasure Quarters for more than ten years!"
The painter Hanabusa Itcho made a picture of the courtesan, which became the model of the Princess Daruma Dolls.


. Fujisan 富士山 Mount Fuji, Fuji-San .
Inrō in the Shape of Mount Fuji
18th–early 19th century - by Kajikawa School, based on a design by painter, calligrapher, and haiku poet Hanabusa Itchō (英 一蝶, 1652–1724).


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The Life and Afterlives of Hanabusa Itchô, Artist-Rebel of EDO
(Japanese Visual Culture)
by Miriam Wattles


Miriam Wattles recounts the making of Hanabusa Itchô (1652-1724), painter, haikai-poet, singer-songwriter, and artist subversive, in The Life and Afterlives of Hanabusa Itcho, Artist-Rebel of Edo.
Translating literary motifs visually to encapsulate the tensions of his time, many of Itch s original works became models emulated by ukiyo-e and other artists. A wide array of sources reveals a lifetime of multiple personas and positions that are the source of his multifarious artistic reincarnations. While, on the one hand, his legend as seditious exile appears in the fictional cross-media worlds of theater, novels, and prints, on the other hand, factual accounts of his complicated artistic life reveal an important figure within the first artists biographies of early modern Japan."
- source : amazon.com -


- quote M. Wattles : -
I have worked extensively on Hanabusa Itchô, someone lauded from the Edo period through to Taisho for being the father of giga, and so spent some time excavating “giga” as a genre of the Edo period. (Discused in my book, The Life and Afterlives of Hanabusa Itchô, 2013,
and in my essay “From Adverb to Noun: Some Thoughts on Hanabusa Itchô and the Instability of the ‘Giga’ Genre”
in Ota Shôko, ed, Edo no shuppan bunka kara hajimatta imeeji kakumei,” 2007)
- Follow the discussion here:
- source : PMJS listserve forum -

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source : library.metro.tokyo.jp/portals

Twelve Months: New Year
英一蝶十二カ月の内 正月 Hanabusa Iccho Jūnikagetu no Uchi Shōgatsu
Painted by Hanabusa Icchō / Hanabusa Itcho




nunozarashi 布晒し Nuno Sarashi Mai-zu - Dancing with Cloth





"The Falling Thunder God"

. kaminari 雷と伝説 Legends about Thunder and Lightning .





一休和尚酔臥図 Ikkyu, the priest, lying down drunk

寝並んで小蝶と猫と和尚哉
ne narande kochoo to neko to oshoo kana

sleeping in a row ...
the little butterfly, the cat
and this old priest


. Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .

. oshoo 和尚 Buddhist priests in Haiku .

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. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

. Mingei 民芸 Folk Art from Japan . 

. Welcome to Edo 江戸 ! .

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- Reference - 英一蝶 -
- Reference - hanabusa itcho -


. Authors and writers of the Edo period .

. Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets .

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02/12/2016

Kasane and Yoemon

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- for Unuma juku 鵜沼宿, see below
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Kasane and Yoemon 累と与右衛門

A piece of real life, about a husband killing his wife and her revenge as a ghost.
This story later became a Kabuki play.



- quote
Meiboku Kasane Monogatari
The drama "Date Kurabe Okuni Kabuki"
was premiered in the 7th lunar month of 1778 at the Nakamuraza [casting]. It had an influence on the evolutions of "Meiboku Sendai Hagi". Many scenes from "Date Kurabe Okuni Kabuki" were integrated within "Meiboku Sendai Hagi".
"The play is based on a real event involving the Date clan of Sendai during the 1660's, but censorship prevented contemporary incidents being dramatized, so the drama was set during the Muromachi period (1336-1568), and names were changed to disguise the protagonists' identity."
(text courtesy of Jean Wilson 1998)
- - - Introduction
Kinugawa Tanizô, a sumôtori patronized by Lord Ashikaga Yorikane, assassinated the courtesan Takao, Yorikane's lover, in order to save him from his scandalous love affair about to bring ruin to his household. Kinugawa Tanizô succeeded in escaping and hid himself in the village of Hanyû. Disguising himself as a farmer and calling himself Yoemon, he married Kasane, the younger sister of both Takao and the tôfu maker Saburobei. Soon after their wedding, Kasane was cursed by Takao's evil spirit and her face was horribly disfigured. Kasane was not aware of the change, however, as Yoemon forbade her to use any mirror at home.
- snip -
Dobashi - The Earthen Bridge
When she arrives at the river bank near the earthen bridge, Kasane notices the approach of Kingorô and Princess Utakata. So she hides in a bush and overhears their conversation in which Kingorô persuades Princess Utakata to marry Yoemon. Yoemon arrives and asks Kingorô to hand over Princess Utakata. As he has not brought the 100 ryô, however, Kingorô refuses to comply and, being convinced that Yoemon is in fact Kinugawa Tanizô, threatens to betray him to the magistrate's office. As Kingorô runs off in the direction of the magistrate's office, Yoemon follows him in hot pursuit.



Kasane appears from the bush and, jealous of Princess Utakata who is going to marry her husband, attacks her with a sickle. Yoemon comes back and tries to stop Kasane and in so doing accidentally cuts her wife's throat with her sickle. When she dies her face miraculously recovers its original beauty.

The tôfu maker Saburobei, Kasane's elder brother, who has been hiding in a bush, appears and goes near his sister's body. Yoemon attempts to kill himself with the sickle to atone for the horrible murder of Kasane but is dissuaded by Saburobei. He cuts off Kasane's head and takes it to the magistrate's office to pass it off as that of Princess Utakata, who is wanted by the magistrate.
- source : kabuki21.com/kasane2


Utagawa Kunisada

「与右衛門 - 松本幸四郎」Yoemon - Matsumoto Koshiro
「累 - 尾上菊五郎」Kasane - Onoe Kikugoro


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source : mfa.org/collections/object/unuma-yoemon ...

Unuma: Yoemon and His Wife Kasane,
from the series Sixty-nine Stations of the Kisokaidô Road (Kisokaidô rokujûkyû tsugi no uchi)
「木曾街道六十九次之内 鵜沼 与右ヱ門 女房累」
by Utagawa Kuniyoshi 1852

. Nakasendoo 中山道 Nakasendo Road - Kiso .
Gifu Prefecture / 52. Unuma-juku 鵜沼宿 (Kakamigahara)

- quote -
Unuma-juku 鵜沼宿
was the fifty-second of the sixty-nine stations of the Nakasendō.
It was also the last post station on the Inagi Kaidō. It is located in the present-day city of Kakamigahara, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. The eastern and western portions of the old post town joined together to become a formal post town in 1651.
Unuma-juku is approximately six kilometers from the preceding post town, Ōta-juku.


print by Keisai Eisen

The old post town contains such historical treasures as Kuan-ji Temple, the ancient tomb of Ishozuka, and haiku-engraved monuments left by Matsuo Bashō.
- source : wikipedia -


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. Edo Kabuki .

. Welcome to Edo 江戸 ! .

. Famous Buddhist Priests - ABC-List .

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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

Kasane カサネ / かさね
On the 11th day of the 8th month in 1647, Kasane was killed by her husband Yoemon at the river Kinugawa.
He later married again, but his wives were all killed by the jealous Yurei ghost-spirit of Kasane. His 6th wife bore him a child named 菊 Kiku, but this wife was also killed in September of 1671.



When Kiku was 13 years old, Kasane tried to possess Kiku, but was finally enlightened, healed from her jealousy and could pass on to the Buddhist Paradise.

- reference : nichibun yokai database -



死霊解脱物語聞書 - 江戸怪談を読む
小二田誠二 Konita Seiji (1961 - )

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rui, kasane 累(るい、かさね)

Yurei Attack!: The Japanese Ghost Survival Guide
By Hiroko Yoda, Matt Alt
O-Rui (Orui) お塁 (another reading for Kasane)
- Read the story at google books :
- source : Matt Alt, google books -

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- Reference - 累と与右衛門 -
- Reference - kasane yoemon -

. Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets .

- - - #kasane #yoemon - - -
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- ##unumajuku -
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