Showing posts with label - - - DDD - - -. Show all posts
Showing posts with label - - - DDD - - -. Show all posts

18/04/2018

Hayakawa Noritsugu Tokuji

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


Hayakawa Noritsugu 早川徳次(のりつぐ)
(1881 - 1942)
(The characters 徳次 can also be read Tokuji, see below.)

He is renowned for funding the construction of Japan's first subway system, now known as the Tokyo Metro Ginza Line, which opened in 1927.



「地下鉄の父」 The Father of the Subway in Tokyo


- quote -
Noritsugu Hayakawa, builder of Asia’s first underground railway, is considered the father of subways in Japan.
Hayakawa
was an apprentice of “railway king” Kaichiro Nezu, the founder of Tobu Railways.
Impressed by the subways he saw while touring Europe in the 1910s, upon his return to Japan Hayakawa began fiercely lobbying for Tokyo to build its own system.
After obtaining a license, he established the Tokyo Underground Railway Co. in 1920. The first underground rail link connected Asakusa and Ueno in 1927.
This is now known as the Tokyo Metro Ginza Line.
- source : japantimes.co.jp/news/2010... -





..............................................................................................................................................


だるまは鼻の下にひげを生やし . . . Daruma with a beard in his honor - 2018

A group of about 50 local people has formed in 2017, making papermachee Daruma dolls.



- quote
日本で最初に地下鉄を建設し、「地下鉄の父」と呼ばれた笛吹市出身の早川徳次(のりつぐ)(1881~1942)の住宅の見学会が7日に開かれる。地元の市民グループ「早川徳次ふるさと後援会」が主催し、ひげを生やしていた徳次の顔をかたどったミニだるまづくりを初めて計画。ふるさとの偉人に親しみを感じてもらい、地域の活性化にもつなげたい考えだ。
後援会は2017年に発足し、会員約50人。地元出身の早川徳次の功績紹介と地域振興を目的に活動している。早川邸は「早川家住宅主屋」として国の登録有形文化財に選ばれている。後援会が年2回開く見学会では、普段は非公開の邸内を見ることができる。
ミニだるまを考案したのは甲州市在住の自営業、渡辺麻世さん(28)。アクセサリーなどを趣味で手作りしている。昨年夏、知人の後援会メンバーと会食した際、徳次の業績について話を聞いた。祖父母の家が早川邸の近くにあり、「身近なところにすごい人がいたんだ」と驚き、何か手伝えることがあればと思いついた。



だるまは鼻の下にひげを生やし…
source : asahi.com/articles...


. DARUMA MUSEUM Japan .



::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



Hayakawa Tokuji 早川徳次
(1893 - 1980)



- quote -
Tokuji Hayakawa (早川 徳次 Hayakawa Tokuji, November 3, 1893 - June 24, 1980)
was a Japanese businessman and the founder of Hayakawa Kinzoku Kōgyō (the present-day Sharp Corporation). He invented and patented the “Tokubijō” belt buckle in 1912 (a belt which can fasten without perforating) and invented the "Ever Ready Sharp" mechanical pencil (from which his company would later get its name from) in 1915.

The success of the “Tokubijō” belt buckle led to Hayakawa starting his own metallurgical processing, which then developed into the present-day Sharp Corporation.

Tokuji Hayakawa was born in Tokyo in 1893. Due to difficult domestic circumstances, he was adopted by the Ideno family. It was not until he grew up, however, that he learned of this. He left primary school after second grade due to his family’s poverty, and was apprenticed to a maker of metallic ornaments. He worked diligently there to improve both his skill in metalwork and understanding of the trade, earning the trust of his master.

Though the buckle had been used since ancient times for such accessories as armor and shoes, it started to be used on belts for boys’ trousers in the 15th century and came to be used in women’s clothes in the 19th century. It took two forms: practical and decorated. When Hayakawa launched his buckle in 1912, demand in Japan for the buckle increased with the spread of Western-style fashions.

Hayakawa and other artisans, however, had not yet had a chance to wear Western-style clothes and belts.
Hayakawa happened to notice a silent film actor whose belt had come undone. This inspired him to spend time after work inventing a new belt that could be fastened to any length.

As a result, he developed a buckle that used a roller to fasten a belt without puncturing it. His master admired his inventiveness and recommended that Tokuji apply for a patent. He suggested the name “Tokubijō” adopting one character of Tokuji.

The first order for the Tokubijō buckle was huge — 33 grosses or 4,752 in total. Because of the pressures to deliver his product on time, Tokuji decided to go independent. He borrowed most of the capital independently and launched his own shop in September, 1912. He introduced industrial presses, hired workmen and delivered new orders with no interruption. He was able to promptly retire his debt. He continued to improve his manufacturing process and expand his business into a bigger plant.

In 1913, Hayakawa acquired the patent of an innovative water faucet, and in 1915, he developed the prototype of the sharp automatic pencil still sold today. Afterwards he demonstrated managerial genius, expanding his enterprise into electronics manufacturing of world-famous radios, tape-recorders and televisions. He was active in social welfare programs. He died in 1980 at the age of 86.
- source : wikipedia -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



Join the friends on facebook !


. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - - #hayakawanoritsugu #noritsuguhayakawa #hayakawatokuji #tokujihayakawa - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

22/06/2016

Daidozan Bungoro Sumo

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Daidoozan Bungoroo, Daidôzan Bungorô 大童山文五郎 Daidozan Bungoro
(1788 - 1822)

. WKD : sumoo 相撲 Sumo wrestling .
- Introduction -


source : ameblo.jp/giantlimited/entry

碁盤上げ Goban age
写楽 Sharaku

A young Sumo wrestler, Bungoro, is using a wooden Go board to fan out the candle.

. wa roosoku 和蝋燭 Japanese candles .

..............................................................................................................................................

- quote -
The Great Child Mountain
Daidozan Bungoro, the Great Child Mountain, who at the age of seven stood a fairly modest 3'10", but weighed a staggering 183 pounds, was a popular figure in 1795. Wrestling fans enjoyed Daidozan’s performances. To the excitement of the fans, the ‘Yobidashi’, announcer, would sing a delightful chant calling Daidozan into the ring. Daidozan would perform his ceremonial ritual. Then the ‘Gyoji’, referee, would signal Daidozan to begin. The little butterball would perform all of the Sumo wrestler methods of ‘tuki’, thrusting, ‘yori’, clinching, and ‘oshi’, pushing. After the exhibition, his fame would spread into other areas of Japanese culture.
An example, is a woodblock print showing Daidozan drinking sake and being offered tea by the famous beauty and teahouse waitress Okita of the Naniwaya and biscuits by her rival Ohisa of the Takashimaya.


This stamp is the fifth of 5 single issues that commemorates Sumo champions.
The fifth single-issue stamp commemorates the Daidozan, Great Child Mountain, in Ring-entry Ceremony.

Daidozan was not the only child prodigy to appear as a Sumo wrestler. Among his successors were the seven year old, Jintsuriki, weighing 174 pounds. In 1836, an eight year-old called Oniwaka who weighed in at 156 pounds. In 1859, Maizuru Komakichi, at the age of eight, who displayed his 218 pound frame to the wrestling fans at the Eko-in. Wrestling fans have enjoyed these performances. In addition, the exhibitions of adult wrestler giants were frequently done side by side with the child prodigy for the enjoyment of the fans. This presentation would reveal the uniqueness of the body of both wrestlers. The adult wrestlers who appeared with these prodigies were also prized above all for their size. These wrestlers would give a collectible artifact of a hand-print, impressed in either ink or cinnabar, to their admirers. These desirable artifacts, given to the admirers, are used as comparisons of the span that their puny hands have over the massive ones of the adult and prodigy wrestler.

In woodblock prints, both child and adult wrestlers were treated quite differently from other subjects, and always in a way to accentuate their size. What the wrestler prints displayed was the bulk and phenomenal strength. These qualities emerge most clearly in portraits of individual wrestlers with rippling muscles exaggerated to the point of caricature. In other prints, they are seen to be associated with the delicate fragility of the geisha and the cherry blossom.

Since these prints were all designed for commercial profit, it seems reasonable to assume that in emphasizing their size, the designers were giving the public precisely what it wanted. This is why the wrestlers could spend unlimited time for their stately warmingup exercises. It also explains why a whole day could be spent on ceremonies in which they displayed themselves. Again, giving to the public precisely what it wanted. This is not to say that the wrestling bout was not as desired by the public, but that both are equally important.



source : art.famsf.org/toshusai-sharaku...
Toshusai Sharaku
Wrestlers and Umpires Contemplating the Child Wonder Daidozan Bungoro

..............................................................................................................................................

- quote
Daidozan Bungoro
Highest Rank - - Maegashira 5
Real Name - - BUNGORO Shiono
Birth Date - - February 15, 1788
Shusshin - - Yamagata-ken, Higashine-shi
Death Date - - December 20, 1822 (34 years)
Height and Weight - - 159 cm 169 kg
Heya - - Isenoumi
Shikona - - Daidozan Bungoro
Hatsu Dohyo - - 1794.11 (Maegashira)
Intai - Retirement - - 1813.01
- source : sumodb.sumogames.de/Rikishi ... -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Sumô Wrestlers Tanikaze and Daidôzan Bungorô


Utagawa Toyokuni I

Lifting a money box
. Senryobako 千両箱 money box .

Daidôzan Bungorô, Boy Wrestler, Age Seven
Katsukawa Shun'ei

Wrestlers and Umpires Contemplating the Child Wonder Daidozan Bungoro
Toshusai Sharaku

- More ukiyo-e prints of Bungoro 浮世絵
- reference : ukiyo-e.org/search -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- Reference - 大童山文五郎 -
- Reference - Daidozan Bungoro -

. Welcome to Edo 江戸 ! .

- - - #daidozanbungoro #bungorosumo - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


Join the friends on facebook !


. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

16/01/2016

Manase Dosan Doctor

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Manase Doosan, Manase Dōsan 曲直瀬道三 Manase Dosan
(1507 - 1594)

He studied medicine with 田代三喜 Tashiro Sanki (1465 - 1537).
Together with 永田徳本 Nagata Tokuhon (1513 - 1630)
they were the sansei 三聖 three most famous doctors of their time.



He studied at the famous school

. 足利学校 Ashikaga Gakkō, The Ashikaga School .
Japan's oldest academic institution. It is located in Ashikaga city, Tochigi Prefecture ...
Founded ca. 832 in the Heian period by the poet Ono no Takamura 小野篁.

He studied Chinese Medicine but applied it individually to the needs of his patients, after taking the pulse and talking to the sick person.
. kanpoo 漢方 Chinese Medicine .

He never demanded money for his treatment and looked at the poor and the rich with equal diligence. He travelled a lot to various parts and patients in Japan.

..............................................................................................................................................



医の旅路はるか -曲直瀬道三とその師田代三喜篇
- - - 曲直瀬玄朔と聖医父曲直瀬道三篇

服部忠弘

A novel about "travelling in the footsteps of Doctor Manase"
He treated the Ashikaga Shogun, Lord Mori Motonari and even Oda Nobunaga. But always came back to treat the people of the cities where he passed.

足利将軍、毛利元就、信長も舌を巻いた室町・安土桃山期の天下一の名医、曲直瀬道三の足跡をたどる。

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- quote -
曲直瀬 道三(まなせ どうさん)
(永正4年9月18日(1507年10月23日) - 文禄3年1月4日(1594年2月23日))は、戦国時代から安土桃山時代の日本の医師。道三は号。諱は正盛(しょうせい)。字は一渓。他に雖知苦斎(すいちくさい)、翠竹庵(すいちくあん)、啓迪庵(けいてきあん)など。本姓は元は源氏、のち橘氏。今大路家の祖。日本医学中興の祖として田代三喜永田徳本などと並んで「医聖」と称される。養子[1]に曲直瀬玄朔。
- snip -
神麴の処方応用 shingiku treatment
日本で本格的な神麴の製剤と処方は戦国期で、他の本草とともに漢籍を参考にして道三独自の治験結果をよりどころとし、新たに実証的に精選されたもので、在来のそれとの関わりは認められない。しかも道三流医術の普及により広く実地医療に役立つ神麴の処方応用例は当代医療を代表とする特色のある新技術ととして評価される.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !




神麴 shingiku treatment
Garland Chrysanthemum
In Traditional Chinese Medicine the herb corrects imbalances in liver and kidney function that cause issues with the eyes, and dizziness.
Garland chrysanthemum – which is known as Shingiku in Japan, Choy Suey Green in old Chinatown, Tong Hao in China, and Crown Daisy in England – is a healthy, edible plant native to East Asia.
- source : healwithfood.org -


- - - His main publications - - -
Benshō haizai itō (弁証配剤医灯)
Hyakufuku zusetsu (百腹図説)
Keiteki-shū (啓迪集)
Shinkyū shūyō (鍼灸集要)
Shinmyaku kuden-shū (診脈口伝集)
Shōshin-shū (正心集)
Yakushō nōdoku (薬性能毒)
Manase Dōsan zenshū (曲直瀬道三全集) Complete Works of Dosan


::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Manase Dosan (the Elder) and leprosy
The aim of this paper is to describe the main features of Manase Dosan's (1507-1594) study and treatment of leprosy. Contrary to general medical opinion in the Middle Ages that leprosy was the result of divine retribution.
Dosan viewed leprosy as simply another disease and treated it accordingly from a medical perspective. Furthermore, the commonly held belief from the latter half of the 17th century onwards amongst Early Modern era doctors and also the general populace that leprosy was a hereditary disease, was not considered by Dosan.
The foregoing two points can be explained by his rational approach to medicine, plus the fact that leprosy at the time was widely prevalent amongst all areas of society, not just restricted to particular households. It is thus fair to say that Dosan's medical philosophy reflected the state of Japanese society during the transition from medieval to the Early Modern period. It should be noted, however, that Dosan's view that leprosy was caused by meat-eating and overindulgence in sex gave rise to a new, negative image of the disease, and in so doing tied in with the Early Modern era prejudices against "lust", "intemperance" and "laziness."
Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi. 1995
- source : National Center for Biotechnology Information -


Medical thought of Dosan Manase's early years. (1)
The meaning of the work "Toryu".

Dosan Manase was a famous Japanese doctor in the Muromachi era and was in the vanguard of the Goseiha school of Sino-Japanese traditional medicine. In his "Shinmyakukudenshu" we found an interesting account to explain the meaning of the word "Toryu", which was often found in the medical books written in Dosan's early years.
This word signifies "our school" in a general sense, but in this book Dosan used it with the additional meaning of his medical thought originating in Zhu dan xi who was a famous Chinese doctor in the Yuan age. In addition, he mentioned in the same book that Toryu was introduced from China into Japan by Dodo, succeeded by Sanki and propagated by himself.
Moreover our extensive investigation of other medical literature showed that Dosan, in his early years, tried to develop a system of medical thought on the basis of that of Zhu dan xi. This is worthy of note because it differs considerably from the stance adopted in Dosan's later years : while he valued Zhu dan xi, he referred to many medical books by various authors, and tried not to favour any particular school.
Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi. 1999
- source : National Center for Biotechnology Information -


::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- quote
ein japanischer Arzt, der im Zeitalter der streitenden Reiche (戦国時代, Sengoku-jidai) auf die Entwicklung der Medizin in Japan einen entscheidenden Einfluss ausübte und neben Nagata Tokuhon und Tashiro Sanki zu den „Drei verehrungswürdigen Ärzten“ (三聖, sansei) im Umbruch zur Frühmoderne zählt. Auf ihn geht die „Schulrichtung des späteren Zeitalters“ (後世派, Gosei-ha auch 後世方派, Goseihō-ha) zurück.
- - - Leben
Manase hatte schon in der Kindheit seine Eltern verloren. 1516 trat er in den Shōkoku-Tempel (Shōkoku-ji), einen Zen-Tempel in Kyōto ein, wo er als Bettelmönch lebte. In dieser Zeit änderte er seinen Namen Tachibana (橘) zu Manase.
1528 ging er an die „Ashikaga-Schule“, eine der ältesten akademischen Einrichtungen des Landes, in der man Konfuzianismus, chinesische Medizin, Kriegswissenschaften, I Ging usw. lehrte. Hier gewann Manase Interesse an der Heilkunde. Nach einer Begegnung mit dem berühmten Arzt Tashiro Sanki wurde er dessen Schüler und befasste sich vor allem mit den Lehren der chinesischen Mediziner Li Gao (李杲), alias Li Dōngyuán (李東垣, 1180–1251) und Zhū Dānxī (朱丹溪, 1281–1358).

1546 kehrte Manase nach Kyōto zurück und praktizierte als Arzt. Nach einer erfolgreichen Behandlung des Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshiteru gewann er weitere hochrangige Patienten wie die Kriegsherren Hosokawa Harumoto (細川晴元), Miyoshi Nagayoshi (三好長慶) und Matsunaga Hisahide (松永久秀) und großes Ansehen. Schließlich gründete er die „Aufklärungsakademie“ (啓迪院, Keiteki-in). Die Behandlung von Mōri Motonari während eines Feldzuges führte zu der Schrift „Abendgespräche im Schnee-Feldlager“ (雲陣夜話, Setsujin yawa). 1574 verfasste er sein bekanntestes Werk, die „Keiteki-Sammlung“ (啓迪集, Keiteki-shū). Der Tennō Ōgimachi, dem er die Schrift nach einer Behandlung überreichte, beauftragte den Zen-Mönch Sakugen Shūryō mit einem Vorwort und gewährte Manase den Ehrennamen „Grünbambus Halle“ (翠竹院, Suichiku-in). Unter den namhaften Patienten finden wir auch Oda Nobunaga, einen der mächtigsten Feldherren jener Zeit.

Manase zog hunderte von Schülern an, die seine Lehren und Schriften weit verbreiteten. Ob er, wie es in Briefen der Jesuiten heißt, im Jahre 1584 anlässlich einer Behandlung des italienischen Missionars Gnecchi-Soldo Organtino zum Christentum übertrat und sich taufen ließ, ist umstritten. Fest steht allerdings, dass eine große Zahl seiner Schüler christliche Taufnamen führte.

Manase starb 1594 im Alter von 88 Jahren, posthum ein weiteres Mal geehrt durch die Ernennung zum Hofarzt im zweiten Rang. Der von ihm adoptierte Neffe Gensaku (曲直瀬玄朔, Manase Gensaku, 1549–1632) und dessen Nachfahren setzten über Generationen Dōsans ärztliche Tradition fort.

Manase begann eine vorsichtige Loslösung von der vor allem durch die Klöster betriebenen chinesischen Medizin und strebte zugleich eine Systematisierung an. Seine oft ausführlichen Krankengeschichten belegen die starke Betonung der Rolle von Beobachtung und Erfahrung. In diesem Punkt bereitete er eine stärkere Eigenständigkeit der japanischen Medizin vor.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

- Reference - Japanese -
- Reference - English -

- - - #manasedosan #dosanmanase #tashirosanki - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


Join the friends on facebook !


. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

01/06/2015

Dokyo and Koken

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]

. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Dookyoo, Dōkyō 道鏡 Dokyo
Monk Dokyo, Priest Dokyo (700 - 772)





- quote -
Dōkyō (700 – May 13, 772)
was a Japanese monk of the Hossō sect of Buddhism; and he was a political figure in the Nara period.
When Dōkyō cured the illness of Empress Kōken in 761, his place in her court was made secure and influential. When she returned to the throne as Empress Shōtoku following the Fujiwara no Nakamaro Rebellion, Dokyo was given authority over religious and civil matters.

In 766, an oracle from the Usa Shrine in Buzen Province was reported to predict peace in Japan if Dōkyō were named emperor. Soon after, a second oracle was brought to Kyoto by Wake no Kiyomaro. It stated:

Since the establishment of our state, the distinction between lord and subject has been fixed. Never has there been an occasion when a subject was made lord. The throne of the Heavenly Sun Succession shall be given to one of the imperial lineage; wicked persons should immediately be swept away.

In response to the second oracle, Dōkyō had Wake no Kiyomaro sent into exile in Ōsumi Province.

When the empress died, Dōkyō was banished from Nara.

- - - - - Timeline
752 (Tenpyō-shōhō 4): Dōkyō was called to the court of Empress Kōken
761 (Tenpyō-hōji 5): Dōkyō cured empress of a serious illness
763 (Tenpyō-hōji 7): He was appointed Shōsōzu in the Buddhist hierarchy
765 (Tenpyō-jingo 1, 2nd month): Empress Shōtoku gave Dōkyō the newly created title of daijō-daijin zenji (Meditation Master who ranks as Chancellor)
766 (Tenpyō-jingo 2): Dokyo claimed that an Usa Hachiman oracle said that he should become Hō-ō (法王, literally, king of the dharma).He was given the title.
770 (Jingo-keiun 4): In the 5th year of Empress Shōtoku's reign, she died; and Dōkyō was exiled to Shimotsuke Province.

- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

..............................................................................................................................................

- quote
もう一つの神託「道鏡」事件の真相を探る      
昔々、
奈良に都があった頃、道鏡(どうきょう)と言う、とても偉いお坊さんが居ました。このお坊さんは中国語は勿論、梵語(サンスクリット語)もペラペラの有数の知識人であったばかりでなく、気功術も会得した「超能力」をも兼ね備えていた超人だったので、天皇さまの病気も得意の呪法で、あっという間に治すことが出来ました。元気を取り戻された天皇さまは、この天才超人・道鏡を大変御気に召し、最初は少僧都に、次は大臣禅師に、また次には太政大臣禅師に任じられ、天平神護二年七月(766)には、ついに法王にまで任じられたのです。
それから1年半が過ぎた神護景雲三年正月三日、九州にある宇佐八幡宮は『道鏡を皇位につけよ』とのお告げがあったと奏上し、偉いお坊さんも、自分から望んで天皇になろうと思いました。と、まあ簡単に言えばそれだけのお話しなのですが、ことが皇位(天皇の位)に関る事であっただけに朝廷内は大騒動になったのです。それでは、事件の主役・道鏡とは、一体どのような人物だったのでしょう。
- source : www.ten-f.com/doukYoujiken -

Usa Hachiman Jinja 宇佐八幡神社
熊本市龍田町にある弓削神宮 Yuge Jinja in Kumamoto

.......................................................................





「道鏡か否か?愛に揺れた女帝」




source : chachachiako

..............................................................................................................................................



Kooken Tennoo 孝謙天皇 Koken Tenno Empress Kōken
- 称徳天皇 Empress Shōtoku. Shotoku
Empress Kōken (孝謙天皇 Kōken-tennō, 718 – August 28, 770),
also known as Empress Shōtoku (称徳天皇 Shōtoku-tennō), was the 46th (with Empress Kōken name) and the 48th monarch of Japan (with Empress Shōtoku name), according to the traditional order of succession.
Empress Kōken first reigned from 749 to 758, then, following the Fujiwara no Nakamaro Rebellion, she reascended the throne as Empress Shōtoku from 765 until her death in 770. Empress Kōken was involved in the Rasputin-like affair with priest Dōkyō and appointed him Grand Minister in 764. In 766 he was promoted to Hōō (priestly emperor) and in 770 had tried to ascend to throne by himself. Death of Empress and resistance of the aristocracy destroyed his plans. This incident was a reason for the later move of the Japanese capital from Nara (Heijō).
In the history of Japan, Kōken/Shōtoku was the sixth of eight women to take on the role of empress regnant.
. . .
Koken's reign was turbulent, and she survived coup attempts by both Tachibana Naramaro and Fujiwara no Nakamaro. Today, she is remembered chiefly for her alleged affair with a Buddhist monk named Dōkyō (道鏡), a man she honored with titles and power. An oracle from Usa Shrine, the shrine of the kami Hachiman (八幡 in Usa, is said to have proclaimed that the monk should be made emperor; but when the empress sent Wake no Kiyomaro (和気清麻呂) to verify the pronouncement, Hachiman decreed that only one of imperial blood should ascend to the throne.

Bender, Ross.
"The Hachiman Cult and the Dōkyō Incident,"
Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 34, No. 2 (1979). pp. 125–153.

- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


- quote -
Yuge no Dookyoo 弓削道鏡 Yuge no Dokyo
道鏡(どうきょう、文武天皇4年(700年)? - 宝亀3年4月7日(772年5月13日))

生地 - 河内国
没地 - 下野国
宗派 - 法相宗
師 - 義淵

奈良時代の法相宗の僧。物部氏の一族の弓削氏の出自で、弓削櫛麻呂の子。俗姓が弓削連であることから、弓削道鏡(ゆげのどうきょう)とも呼ばれる。兄弟に弓削浄人。天智天皇の皇子である志貴皇子の子とする異説もある。祈祷の力をもって皇室に取り入って権力を握り、政治に容喙した。


道鏡塚(下野市の龍興寺)

宇佐神託と左遷
姦通説 / 俗説 / 関連づけられた人物
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

- quote
"The Monk who Moved a Capital ”
(from the Nihon Ryōiki )
It begins
"In ancient Japan, there was an unmarried Empress named Kōken . . .one day she fell ill and a handsome young Buddhist monk named Dōkyō went to her bedside to pray for her health.”

The credited author is one “Takeshi Hanamoto,”
Ross Bender

new translation of Nihon Ryōiki by Burton Watson
-- Record of Miraculous Events in Japan (Columbia University Press, 2013).

The Vermilion Bridge: A novel of 8th Century Japan / Shelly Mydans
(Doubleday 1980).

Narachō no Seihen to Dōkyō (Yoshikawa Kōbunkan) / Takinami Sadako

Women in Japanese Religions (New York University Press, 2015). Barbara Ambros
. . .she notes
"Ultimately both Empress Wu Zetian and Shōtoku were reviled as bad rulers by later Confucian historians who resented both their patronage of Buddhism and the fact that they were female rulers." (pp. 50-51).
Wu Zetian of course was the only woman who ruled China as an Empress in her own right.


- quote from June 3, 2015
It is an interesting question whether Buddhist healing monks could actually attend at the bedside of an Empress. The eminent monk Genbō 玄昉 established the Naidōjō within the Nara palace, and apparently served as a healing monk for Miyako, the mother of Shōmu. The Shoku Nihongi entry for Hōki 1.8.17, after the death of Empress Shōtoku on the fourth day of the month, says that “Over one hundred days had passed during which she was unable to attend to the affairs of government. During this time there were no officials who were able to have audience with her. Only the Kura no Suke Jr 3 Kibi no Ason Yuri went in and out of the bedchamber, reporting to her on affairs.” The lady Yuri was a relative of the Udaijin Kibi no Ason Makibi.

Dōkyō’s obituary from Hōki 3.4.7 says that he met the Empress at the Hora Palace and served as a healing monk. 従幸保良。時侍看病稍被寵幸。
Incidentally the term chōkō 寵幸, which some have seen as proof of an untoward relationship between the Empress and the monk, is not gender-specific or evidence of a sexual liason. It is also applied to the relationship between the Emperor Kōnin and the Sangi Ōtomo no Sukune Ojimaro. (Shoku Nihongi, Enryaku 1.2.3)
- Ross Bender


Follow the discussion here:
- source : PMJS forum


::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


- Reference - Japanese -

- Reference - English -


. Introducing Japanese Haiku Poets .

- KAPPA 河童 water goblin - ABC-Index -
- - - #dookyoo #dokyo - - -
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


Join the friends on facebook !


. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

18/08/2014

Doyo Shonin

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]

. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Dooyo Shoonin 道誉上人 Doyo Shonin

(1515 - 1574)



He had been to Narita san and practised austerities, expecially not eating 断食修行 for 100 days.
On the last day, when his vow was fulfilled, Fudo Myo-O appeared before him and pierced his throat with his sword of wisdom.
From that day on, Doyo could remember 10.000 sutras.

He later became the 9th head priest of the famous Tokugawa clan temple Zoojooji 増上寺 Zojo-Ji.
- source : www.naritasan.or.jp

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



source : www.naritasan.or.jp


道誉上人と謡曲「成田山」
. Fudo Myo-O 不動信仰事典 .


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

- quote
NAMU AMIDA BUTSU Attributed to Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542-1616)



According to the Nihon Shoseki Taikan, the monk Doyo Shonin of ?Daijuji  urged Tokugawa Ieyasu to write the Namu Amida Butsu prayer daily around the year 1612, four years before Ieyasu's death.
Nihon Shoseki Taikan 13 (1979):7.
- source : www.bonhams.com


. Tokugawa Ieyasu 徳川家康 .


::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



. Narita Fudo 成田不動尊 .
Temple Shinsho-Ji (Shinshooji) 新勝寺


. Fudō Myō-ō, Fudoo Myoo-Oo 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O
Acala Vidyârâja - Vidyaraja – Fudo Myoo .




- Reference - Japanese -


::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::  

13/06/2013

Dazai Osamu

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]

. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

Dazai Osamu 太宰治

(June 19, 1909 – June 13, 1948)

a Japanese author who is considered one of the foremost fiction writers of 20th-century Japan.


Dazai was born Shūji Tsushima (津島修治, Tsushima Shūji),
the eighth surviving child of a wealthy landowner in Kanagi, a remote corner of Japan at the northern tip of Tōhoku in Aomori Prefecture. His father was a member of the House of Peers and was thus often away from home, and his mother was chronically ill after having given birth to 11 children, so he was brought up mostly by the servants.

Tsushima was sent to Aomori Prefectural Aomori High School and Hirosaki for higher school. An excellent student and an able writer even then, he edited student publications and contributed some of his own works. His life only started to change when his idol writer Ryūnosuke Akutagawa committed suicide in 1927.

Postwar career
In the immediate post-war period, Dazai reached the height of his popularity.

He depicted a dissolute life in postwar Tokyo in Viyon no Tsuma (Villon's Wife, 1947). The narrator is the wife of a poet, who has abandoned her. She takes a job for a tavern keeper from whom her husband has stolen money. Her determination to survive is tested by hardships, rape and her husband's self-delusion, but her will is not broken.

In July 1947 Dazai's best-known work, Shayo (The Setting Sun, translated 1956) depicting the decline of the Japanese nobility after World War II was published, propelling the already popular writer into a celebrity. This work was based on the diary of Shizuko Ōta (太田静子). Ōta was one of the fans of Dazai's works and first met him in about 1941. She bore him a daughter Haruko (治子) in 1947.

Always a heavy drinker, he became an alcoholic; he had already fathered a child out of wedlock with a fan, and his health was also rapidly deteriorating. At this time Dazai met Tomie Yamazaki (山崎富栄), a beautician and war widow who had lost her husband after 10 days of married life. Dazai effectively abandoned his wife and children and moved in with Tomie, writing his quasi-autobiography Ningen Shikkaku (人間失格, No Longer Human, 1948, translated. 1958) at the hot-spring resort Atami.

Ningen Shikkaku deals with a character hurtling headlong towards self-destruction, all the while despairing of the seeming impossibility of changing the course of his life. The novel is told in a brutally honest manner, devoid of all sentimentality. The book is one of the classics of Japanese literature and has been translated into several foreign languages.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !


quote
Shayokan - Osamu Dazai Memorial Hall  斜陽館

A magnificent house built by Dazai’s father, Genemon Tsushima, in 1907 (two years before Dazai was born). Constructed in a semi-Western style with a half-hipped roof, the entire house (including a rice granary) is built with Aomori cypress wood and characterized by its massive architectural style.



Designated as an important national cultural property, it is also a valuable wooden structure built during the Meiji period. A favorite cloak worn by Dazai, his writing utensils, handwritten manuscripts and letters are displayed in the exhibition room within the rice granary, where video programs are also shown. This memorial hall provides a rare opportunity for visitors to learn about Dazai during his childhood years.

source : dazai.or.jp/en/spots


「斜陽」「富嶽百景」「走れメロス」「津軽」「斜陽」「人間失格」

Dazai committed suicide on June 13, 1948.

Ootoo Ki 桜桃忌 (おうとうき) (Cherry and Peach Day)
Dazai-Ki 太宰忌(だざいき) Dazai Memorial Day
observance kigo for mid-summer

. WKD Saijiki : Memorial Days of Famous People .


....................................................................................................................................................




Dazai bentoo だざい弁当 / 太宰弁当 lunchbox a la Dazai

sold at at the train station
Goshokawahara station Aomori 青森県五所川原市

Includes all the local dishes which the author had loved, especially thin bamboo shoots (nemagaridake 根曲がり竹), Herring and scallops boiled in soy sauce and many other delicacies.




. WASHOKU - dishes from Aomori prefecture .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -


太宰忌や雨のしらべは唄のやう
Dazaiki ya ame no shirabe wa uta no yoo

Dazai Memorial Day -
the melody of the rain
is almost like a song


Uemura Sengyo 上村占魚
(1920 - 1996) Haiku Poet from Kumamoto


....................................................................................................................................................


桜桃忌からりと晴れてしまひけり
Ootooki karari to harete shimai keri

Dazai Memorial Day
all of a sudden
the weather clears up


Katayama Yumiko 片山由美子
(1952 - ) Haiku Poetess from Chiba

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

21/05/2013

- - - DDD

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]

. - - - PERSONS - ABC - LIST of this BLOG - - - .
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 


- - - - - - - - - - DDD - - - - - - - - - - -



Daidoozan Bungoroo, Daidôzan Bungorô 大童山文五郎 Daidozan Bungoro
(1788 - 1822) "Great Child Mountain" Sumo wrestler

Daishin Gitoo 大心義統 Daishin Gito (1657 - 1730) Zen priest, painter
source : Bachmann Eckenstein


Daiten 大顛和尚 High Priest at temple Engaku-Ji, Kamakura 円覚寺

DAITOO Kokushi 大燈国師 Priest Daito - (1283-1337)
Daitoo Ki 大燈忌


. Dantokuboo 檀特坊 / 壇特坊 Dantokubo, Dantoku-Bo .
Tengu priest from 天岩船 Amanoiwafune, Osaka


- - - Daruma san 達磨 だるま だる磨 and the Daruma Museum - - -


Darumagama だるま窯 Daruma Kiln and Maruyama Kenichi 丸山憲一 


Date Masamune 伊達政宗 (1567 - 1636) - Samurai

Dazai Osamu 太宰治 (1909 – 1948) - Writer



Den Sutejo 田捨女 - Teikan Ni 貞閑尼 (1633 - 1698) - Haiku Poetess


Dengyoo Daishi Saichoo 伝教大師最澄 (766-822). Priest
Dengyoo-E 伝教会


Denman Waldo Ross (1853-1935)
American painter, art collector, and scholar of art history and theory.
- source : wikipedia


Domon Ken 土門拳 - Photographer (1909 - 1990)

Donryuu 呑龍上人 Saint Donryu (556 - 1623)


Doo-En 道円 priest Do-En


DOPPO, Kunikida Doppo 国木田 独歩 - 15 July 1871 – 23 June 1908 - Novelist
Doppo Ki 独歩忌


Dookyoo, Dōkyō 道鏡 Monk Dokyo, Priest Dokyo (700 - 772)
Yuge no Dookyoo 弓削道鏡 Yuge no Dokyo


Dooyo Shoonin 道誉上人 Doyo Shonin - (1515 - 1574)
and Fudo Myo-O


Dow, Arthur Wesley Dow (1857 – 1922)
American painter, printmaker, photographer, and influential arts educator.
- source : wikipedia

.......................................................................



Daruma san だるま 



:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::