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16/06/2017

Fuma Kotaro ninja

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Fuuma Kootaroo, Fūma Kotarō 風魔小太郎 Fuma Kotaro
(? - 1603)


source : dustin on facebook
drawing from the Hojo Godaiki (written by Joshin Miura, 1565-1644) depicting Fuma Kotaro and his band of rappa (ninja) raiding a Takeda camp.

He was like an ONI demon - 鬼のような異相の持ち主であったという

. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - ABC-List - Index - .

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- quote
... the name adopted by the leader of the ninja Fūma clan (風魔一党 Fūma-ittō) during the Sengoku era of feudal Japan. According to some records, his name was originally Kazama (風間).
The Fūma clan and Fūma Kotarō
The clan was based in Kanagawa Prefecture, specializing in horseback guerrilla warfare and naval espionage. According to some sources, the family has roots in the 10th century when they served Taira no Masakado in his revolt against the Kyoto government. The use of the name started with the first leader (jonin) of the clan: originally surnamed "風間" (Fūma), with a different kanji, it was later changed to homophone 風魔. Each subsequent leader of the school adopted the same name as its founder, making it difficult to identify them individually. This school was in the service of the Hōjō clan of Odawara.

Fūma Kotarō was the fifth and the best known of the Fūma clan leaders.
Born in Sagami Province (modern Kanagawa Prefecture) on an unknown date, he became notorious as the leader of a band of 200 Rappa "battle disrupters", divided into four groups: brigands, pirates, burglars and thieves. Kotarō served under Hōjō Ujimasa and Hōjō Ujinao. His biggest achievement came in 1580, when the Fūma ninja covertly infiltrated and attacked a camp of the Takeda clan forces under Takeda Katsuyori at night, succeeding in causing severe chaos in the camp, which resulted in mass fratricide among the disoriented enemies. In 1590, Toyotomi Hideyoshi laid siege to Odawara Castle, which eventually fell, and the Hōjō clan was forced to surrender.

When the Tokugawa shogunate came to power, the remnants of Fūma-ryū were reduced to a band of brigands operating in and around Edo. A popular but fictional story says that in 1596, Kotarō was responsible for the death of Hattori Hanzō, a famous ninja in the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu, who had tracked him down in the Inland Sea, but Kotarō has succeeded in luring him into a small channel, where a tide trapped the Tokugawa gunboats and his men then set fire to the channel with oil. Kotarō was eventually caught by the shogunate's special law-enforcement force, guided by his rival and a former Takeda ninja Kosaka Jinnai (高坂甚内), and executed through beheading by an order of Ieyasu in 1603.

- - - - - In folklore and popular culture

In a folk legend, he is often an inhuman figure: a supposedly part-oni monstrous giant (over 2 meters tall) with inverted eyes.
In fiction portrayals, Fūma Kotarō is often depicted as Hattori Hanzō's arch-rival. As the name Fūma literally means "wind demon", Fūma Kotarō's depiction is frequently more flamboyant, fantastical, and sometimes even demonic. In contrast, Hanzō is usually rendered with a relatively subdued appearance.
Kotarō is a player character in the video game Onimusha 2: Samurai's Destiny as a young ninja in the service of the Hōjō clan, also returning in the spin-offs Onimusha Tactics and Onimusha Soul. He is also a main character in the World Heroes fighting game series (as "Fuuma"), also featured in Neo Geo Battle Coliseum together with his main rival Hanzo.
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© More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Onimusha 鬼武者 Demon Warrior



- quote -
Onimusha (鬼武者, literally "Oni Warrior") is a series of video games by developer Capcom.
The series makes use of the historic figures that shaped Japan's history, retelling their stories with supernatural elements. Most of the games are of the action-adventure game genre, a combination of third person combat and puzzle solving, where the protagonist wields the power of the Oni, enabling them to fight the Genma, the main enemy of the series. As of 2012, Onimusha is Capcom's sixth biggest franchise, behind the Resident Evil, Street Fighter, Mega Man, Monster Hunter, and Devil May Cry series.
- - - - - Onimusha: Warlords
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !



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忍者 - 鬼忍

. ninja 忍者 spies - Introduction .
Hattori Hanzo 服部半蔵, the famous Ninja from Iga (1541 - 1596) 
February 22 is the Ninja Day 忍者の日.

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28/01/2016

Nakae Toju

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. Neo-Confucianism in the Edo period .
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Nakae Tooju, Nakae Tōju 中江藤樹 Nakae Toju
(21 April 1608 – 11 October 1648)


info

- quote
a Japanese Confucian philosopher known as "the sage of Ōmi" 近江聖人.
Nakae
was a feudal retainer who lived during the Tokugawa shogunate. He taught that the highest virtue was filial piety (kō), and acted upon this, giving up his official post in 1634 in order to return to his home in Takashima, Ōmi to care of his mother. He distinguished, however, between sho-kō and dai-kō: lesser and greater filial piety.
Sho-kō involves the normal care owed by children to their parents;
dai-kō involves the notion that our human parents are themselves the children of the divine parents — thus, if one's parents are wrong, then one should encourage them to return to virtue.

He was unusual in believing that his teaching would be useful to women as well as men. While accepting the then standard view of women as usually lacking such virtues as compassion and honesty, he argued: "if a wife's disposition is healthy and pious, obedient, sympathetic and honest, then ... every member of her family will be at peace and the entire household in perfect order."

Nakae originally followed the teachings of the Chinese neo-Confucian philosopher Zhu Xi, but eventually became more influenced by Wang Yangming (1472–1529), who argued for the primacy of human intuition or conscience over intellect: moral improvement arises out of conscience-based action (compare Aristotle's ethics). Nakae added a more religious aspect to Wang's "School of Intuition of Mind", calling the human conscience the "divine light of heaven". Nakae's works also supplied his followers (such as Kumazawa Banzan [1619–1691]) with "the moral foundation for political action".

- - - - - Selected works
In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Toju Nakae, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 130+ works in 200 publications in 5 languages and 740+ library holdings.

1650 -- Dialogue with the elder (Okina mondō 翁問答 (1831)).
藤樹遺稿 (1795)
藤樹全書: 中江藤樹先生遺稿 (1893)
中江藤樹文集 (1914)
孝經五種 (1925)
Nakae Tōju sensei zenshu (1928)
鑑草; 附・春風; 陰騭 (1939)
藤樹先生全集 (1940)
中江藤樹・熊沢蕃山集 (1966)
中江藤樹 (1974)
中江藤樹・熊沢蕃山 (1976)

© More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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中江 藤樹とは

著書 - His Main Works
大学啓蒙(1628年)
持敬図説(1638年)
原人(1638年)
論語郷党啓蒙翼伝(1639年)
翁問答(1640年)
孝経啓蒙(1642年)
小医南針(1643年)
神方奇術(1644年)
鑑草(1647年)
大学考(1647年)
大学解(1647年)
中庸解(1647年)
中庸続解(1647年)


- - - - - A page about Nakae, including
翁問答
鑑草
教え
陽明学
藤樹神社 - Toju Jinja
中江藤樹生誕400年記念映画
大洲藩
熊沢蕃山
明徳出版社
- source : www.touju.jp -


Shrine 藤樹神社 Toju Jinja
69 Adogawacho Kamiogawa, Takashima, Shiga



He is the deity in residence 祭神.
創建
神社の創建に際しては、すべて寄附金でまかなわれ、寄附者は日本全国はもちろんのこと中国や朝鮮にまで及んだ。
おもな宝物としては久邇宮良子女王(香惇皇后)の御作文「吾が敬慕する人物中江藤樹」 藤樹直筆の書翰「送佃子」をはじめ熊沢蕃山や佐藤一斎の書。
さらに「藤樹先生全集」校正本等数多くある。




中江藤樹のことば ― 素読用 - by 中江彰

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- quote -
The Loss of Filial Piety Led to the Bankruptcy of the Nation.
The spirit of Toju Nakae
pointed out that efforts had been made to dismantle Japanese culture after the Second World War. This included a demolition of the Japanese household system. This household system was based on the tenets of ‘filial piety’, and the army of the occupation eradicated the filial piety that Confucians advocated. The military also eliminated the teachings on memorial services to ancestors that have been taught by Buddhism and Shintoism.

Toju analysed the root cause of the budget deficit, which an increase in social security caused. It has become a major issue in contemporary politics, and he said that politicians currently report on the problem with pensions, healthcare, and medical treatments, but if they were all to re-establish the concept of ‘filial piety’, then the ultimate result would not be a national bankruptcy, which many leaders predict for the future of Japan.

- - - - - Edo Japan Surpassed China

With regard to current educational problems, he pointed out a lack of moral education. Toju said that the present-day system excessively trivializes morals, and teachers are increasingly unable to address them.

He added, moreover, that with regard to the absence of religious convictions as a basis for morality, most of society has lost their faith and spirituality. The general public has become spineless, and the country is in a miserable state now. He expressed teachers firstly need to develop their religious faith.
Toju also expressed criticism with respect to the abolition of high school tuition fees, implemented by the then ruling Democratic Party, and said what at first glance seemed like a good idea, could also be viewed as a further trivialization of the educational system. According to Toju, there is nothing worse than a free education. Even for a poor family, one of the greatest pleasures afforded to a parent once used to be the ability to spend money on tuition and get a child into a good school.

In addition, Toju elaborated on the historical significance of the popularity of Confucianism during the Edo Period. Toju emphasized how Japanese academic prowess had already surpassed that of China by the Edo Period. He remarked, “During the Edo Period, advances in Japanese scholarship surpassed those of China, Confucianism’s country of origin. This cultural background supported the Meiji Restoration. Scholarship actually took the place of the Edo class system. The academics of Japan are highly advanced and surpassed that of China. And the people of the Edo period developed a culture which became a model for the world.”

Toju Nakae was a pioneer in creating the advancement of Confucian culture during the Edo Period, and his spirit revealed that he was also a major player around the time of the founding of Japan (he was formerly Ame no minaka nushi no kami, the Lord of the August Center of Heaven). Furthermore, this Shinto god guided Confucius (from the spirit world). It reincarnated as Toju Nakae, the founder of the Japanese version of Neo-Confucianism, which Wang Yangming originally established in China, and Toju became a catalyst for the creation of Japan’s spiritual spine. Through this lineage, the patriots of the Meiji Restoration such as Shoin Yoshida were born.
- reference source : eng.the-liberty.com -


. Yoshida Shōin 吉田松陰 Yoshida Shoin . (1830 - 1859)
"A Most Audacious Young Man"

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Tooju shoin 藤樹書院 Toju Private School, Toju Study
滋賀県高島市安曇川町上小川 211 - Shiga, Takashima, Adogawa

Nakae Toju was born a peasant farmer's son in 1608, which was eight years after the battle of Sekigahara. At the age of nine, he was adopted by his grandfather who served under the Yonago Clan and taken to Yonago (in present Tottori Prefecture) leaving his parents. When he was eleven years old, his family moved to Ozu in Shikoku according to their lord's dominion transfer. It was the time when Toju determined his course of life to accomplish his learning.
Diligent Toju taught his theory even to his peers. While doing so, he passed no single day without turning his thoughts toward his mother living lonely in his native village. He therefore made up his mind to resign his post and return home to be with her when he was twenty-seven. Many people who adored Toju's attractive personality also moved to the village on after another being eager to learn from him.
Making every effort to make his mother relieved, he further deepened his study together with his disciples (he called them "Doshi" (Comrade) and interacted with local villagers equally to show them the right direction of life to which they should proceed. In 1648, he ended his life as young as forty-one years old.
Toju was the first Japanese who was titled as "Saint." He sympathized with Wang Yang-Ming's thoughts in the beginning, then developed it into his original way and established his own school. This is the reason why he has been respected as the founder of Japan's Yang-Ming-ism.

His family name was Nakae; original personal name was Gen; Chinese style name was Korenaga; commonly known name was Yoemon; and pseudonym was Mokken and Koken.
He set up the school regulations of Toju Shoin and named it "Toju-ki" after an old wisteria in the premises. According to this, his disciples and villagers respectfully called him "Master Toju. (Master Wisteria)"

"Ai-kei" (reverence)
Toju believed that reverence is an essential idea we should always retain inside our mind.
"Chi-Ryo-Chi"
Every man was born with a beautiful mind called "Ryo-Chi."



- - - - - History of Toju Shoin
Toju built a simple schoolhouse in the premises and instituted the school rules, "Toju-ki," when he was thirty-two years old, which was five years after his return from Ozu. His disciples built a new lecture hall afterwards, which was half a year before Toju ended his short life at the age of forty-one.
At the very time when his followers were about to succeed Toju's theory systematically, the Omizo Clan, which ruled this area, ordered them to dissolve the school and go out of the area. It was because the authorities could not permit them getting together to learn the spirit of "Chi-Ryo-Chi" before the political constitution of Japan was established.
Under the difficult condition, the followers secretly continued their meetings. It was not until about seventy years after Toju's death that their activity was publicly resumed. After this turning point, many literates from around the country visited here to give lectures, and in 1796, the Emperor Kokaku named the lecture hall "Tokuhon-do."
Many volunteers such as Kumazawa Banzan, Toju's direct disciple and a distinguished Confucian in the 17th century, had cherished Toju Shoin. In 1880, however, their effort turned out in vain as it was burnt down because of a big fire that consumed the whole village. The villagers managed to save the treasures from the fire, and two years later, they reconstructed a tentative lecture hall that has existed to this day. They abandoned their burning house and took a risk to carry out all the properties kept in Toju Shoin, such as treasures, daily necessaries, and books.
Moreover, the faithful villagers hoped to reconstruct the hall before they built their new house.

Annual events of Toju Shoin

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Bou: Appearance
Interact with others respectfully in peaceful appearance.
Gen: Speech
Speak to others in the way you are comfortably received.
Shi: Sight
Look at others and things respectfully and warmheartedly.
Cho: Hearing
Listen to others sympathetically from the speaker's point of view.
Shi: Consideration
Understand and think of others respectfully.

- source : city.takashima.shiga.jp -


. gakumonjo 学問所 Academies of Higher Learning - Introduction .

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- - - - - H A I K U - - - - -

鯉涼し藤樹書院の門川に
koi suzushi Tooju shoin no kadogawa ni

the carp feel so cool
at the river near the gate
of the Toju School


山方美智子 Yamagata Michiko




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Uchimura Kanzo 内村鑑三「代表的日本人」を読む
西郷隆盛・上杉鷹山・二宮尊徳・中江藤樹・日蓮





Representative Men of Japan (English Edition)


Uchimura Kanzō 内村鑑三
(March 26, 1861 – March 28, 1930) was a Japanese author, Christian evangelist, and the founder of the Nonchurch Movement (Mukyōkai) of Christianity in the Meiji and Taishō period Japan.
He is often considered to be the most well-known Japanese pre-World War II pacifist.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Adogawa town 安曇川町 Adogawa and Nakae - Photo collection
Statue of Nakae Toju expressing filial piety for his mother. and more . . .
- reference : photoguide.jp/pix -

- Reference - 中江藤樹 -
- Reference - English -


. Neo-Confucianism in the Edo period .

- - - #tojunakae #nakaetoju - - -
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05/07/2015

Nitta Yoshioki

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Nitta Yoshioki 新田義興
(? - 1358)

Yoshioki was the second son of Nitta Yoshisada,
who supported the Southern Court of Emperor Go-Daigo and Kamakura from the Hōjō clan in 1333. Yoshioki aided his father in the siege of Kamakura in 1333, and battled alongside Kitabatake Akiie. The following year, he fought alongside Kitabatake Akinobu, fortified Mt. Otoko, but was soon routed and forced to seek refuge at Mt. Yoshino.


The death of Nitta Yoshioki at the Yaguchi ferry - 矢ノ口渡合戦にて義興戦死図

The conflict with the Ashikaga clan continued for several decades, and in 1352, Yoshioki ousted Ashikaga Motouji from Kamakura, with the aid of his brother Nitta Yoshimune and cousin Wakiya Yoshiharu. Soon after taking control of the city, however, he was forced out by Ashikaga Takauji. Returning to the countryside of Kozuke and Musashi provinces, Yoshioki continued to fight for some time before being captured by Takezawa Nagahira. He was sentenced to death by the minister of Motouji, Hatakeyama Kunikiyo, and was executed at the age of 28 by drowning in the Tama River at Yaguchi in present-day Ōta ward of Tokyo.

A shrine at 矢口渡 Yaguchi no Watashi, the Nitta Shrine, is dedicated to Yoshioki. He is revered under the name Nitta Daimyōjin (新田大明神).

Yoshioki is the subject of an Edo-period kabuki play by Hiraga Gennai (1728 – 1780) titled Shinrei Yaguchi no Watashi.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


He committed suicide at Yaguchi village, and after that many terrible things happened in the village. The two warlords Edo and Takezawa 江戸 - 竹沢, who had fought against Yoshiaki also died of a curse.
So to appease his soul the shrine 新田神社 Nitta Jinja was erected.

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Nitta Jinja 新田神社



During the Nanboku-cho period, there was a brave and great samurai warrior named Nitta Yoshioki. He was the second son of Nitta Yoshisada. During that time, Japan was divided into North and South and they had repeatedly battled. Nitta Yoshioki fought for the Imperial Southern Court and became famous for being a strong warlord who could win against any kind of large army with his wisdom and bravery. However, he was killed by the enemies through a cowardly attack at the "Yaguchi Ferry." Enemies bored holes in the bottom of Nitta Yoshioki and his retainers' boat and fired off arrows from both banks. (Died on October 10, 1358) The Samurai warriors who engaged in Nitta Yoshioki's killing, was cursed by Yoshiaki's haunt and went crazy and died or saw ghost like fire balls, and lighting hit the place many times. Villagers witnessed these horrific events and decided to build a shrine for Nitta Yoshioki at the site of his death in order for his spirit to rest in peace.

Nitta Shrine is a shrine based on "Goryo Shinko” which is a Japanese belief. Japanese people viewed natural disasters that threatened people and great plagues as the work of evil spirits. Since the power of the spirits is enormously strong, people thought that the evil spirits could adversely save the people from accidents or disasters by enshrining them as a god. The belief was widely spread throughout Japan.



Nitta shrine commemorated the 650th anniversary of its construction in October 2008. The shrine is now well known as the "Good Luck Shrine" and is reverenced by Japanese.

- Homepage of the shrine
- source : nittajinja.org -



. goryoo, onryoo 御霊、怨霊 vengeful spirits .

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- quote -
Kabuki - Shinrei Yaguchi no Watashi
The play "Shinrei Yaguchi no Watashi" was originally written for the puppet theater (Bunraku) and staged in the 1st lunar month of 1770 in Edo at the Gekiza. It was adapted to Kabuki many years later and staged for the first time in the 8th lunar month of 1794 at the Kiriza.



- Summary
During the reign of the Emperor Godaigo, the wicked Ashikaga Takauji attempted to dethrone the Emperor and set up a pretender in his place. A great battle was fought on the Plain of Musashino, near what later became Edo. The commander of the Imperial army was Nitta Yoshioki, a famous soldier. He and his troops fought courageously, but were defeated through the treachery of a man whom Yoshioki believed to be his friend. Yoshioki himself was murdered by this same false friend at Yaguchi, where a ferry crossed the Tama River.
- source : www.kabuki21.com/yaguchi_no_watashi -


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. Nitta Yoshisada 新田義貞  (1302 - 1338) .


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- Reference - Japanese -
- Reference - English -


. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .

. Legends and Tales from Edo 江戸の伝説 .


- - - #nittayoshioki #yaguchi - - -
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. Kawase Hasui 川瀬巴水 (1883 - 1957) .
woodblock prints


kumoribi no Yaguchi 曇り日の矢口 Cloudy Day at Yaguchi
12 views



Yaguchi 矢口 Yaguchi
20 views

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22/08/2014

Nishikawa Terukazu

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Nishikawa Terukazu Nishikawa 西川輝和

painter 洋画家
Most of his themes are Buddha statues, which he often copies with great detail in an oil painting.


CLICK for more photos !

(1948 - ) - born in Nagoya
He now lives in Osaka 大阪府寝屋川市. 

member of 関西仏教美術会.

- - - - - His Homepage
- source : butsubi.web.fc2.com/nishikawa

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- - - statues in the spirit of Mokujiki 木喰 - - -

. Mokujiki (1718-1810) and his Fudo 木喰の不動さま .












. Fudō Myō-ō, Fudoo Myoo-Oo 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O
Acala Vidyârâja - Vidyaraja - Fudo Myoo .


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- Reference - 西川輝和 -

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20/05/2014

Nakamura Teijo

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Nakamura Teijo 中村汀女

1900年(明治33年)4月11日 - 1988年(昭和63年)9月20日)
(1900-1988)




- quote
eigentlich Nakamura Hamako (中村 破魔子) war eine japanische Haiku-Dichterin der Shōwa-Zeit. Sie war Ehrenbürgerin der Stadt Kumamoto.

Nakamura Teijo wurde am 11. April 1900 als einzige Tochter von Saitō Heishirō (斉藤 平四郎) und dessen Frau Tei (テイ) im Dorf Ezu, ehemaliger Landkreis Hōtaku (heute ein Teil der Stadt Kumamoto), Präfektur Kumamoto geboren.

1912 besuchte sie die Mädchenoberschule (heute die Erste Oberschule) der Präfektur Kumamoto und beendete 1918 den Zusatzkurs derselben Lehranstalt. 1920 heiratete sie den aus Kumamoto stammenden Finanzbeamten Nakamura Shigeki (中村 重喜) und reiste mit diesem im Zuge beruflicher Versetzungen von Ort zu Ort im Land umher.

1934 wurde sie Mitglied im Kreis der Haiku-Zeitschrift Hototogisu und veröffentlichte ihre erste Haiku-Sammlung Shunsetsu (春雪, dt. „Frühlingsschnee“).

1947, nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg, gründete sie die Haiku-Zeitschrift Kazabana (風花, dt. etwa „Schneeflocken - Blumen im Wind“).

Nakamura Teijo bewunderte Sugita Hisajo und soll dieser zur Bekundung der Verehrung sogar Briefe („Fanpost“) gesendet haben. Sie wurde 1980 zum Bunka Kōrōsha, zur Person mit besonderen kulturellen Verdiensten, ernannt.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !




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She is one of the four famous T in the Haiku world

Hashimoto Takako 橋本多佳子
Hoshino Tatsuko 星野立子
Mitsuhashi Takajo 三橋鷹女

There name literally means "hawk woman".

. WKD : Mitsuhashi Takajo 三橋鷹女.


Chataku 茶托saucers for tea cups
Teijo, Haiku tr. by Gabi Greve


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ゆで卵むけばかがやく花曇り
yude tamago mukeba kagayaku hanagumori

Boiled egg
Freshly peeled and shining
in the spring haze


Teijô Nakamura (1900-1988) was born in Kumamoto Prefecture. In 1947, she founded the haiku magazine Kazabana, and in 1984, she received the prestigious Japanese Art Academy Award in the Literature Division for Japanese poetry.

- source : theartoftravel.net

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- quote

to nimo de yo fururu bakari ni haru no tsuki

come outside too
just to see
this spring moon

come out everyone
almost close enough to touch
the spring moon

~

todomare ba atari ni fuyuru tonbo kana

now I’ve stopped
the air is filling
with dragonflies

~

I close the screen doors —
fallen leaves quietly end
this very day

withered lotus leaves
some broken, some not,
float on the spring water

~

The season of changing clothes
For summer; I see a bridge
not so far away


- source : thegreenleaf.co.uk

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